Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: K48 and K63 linkage-competed ubiquitination of BECN1 promotes circPDE4D-mediated autophagy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

doi: 10.1038/s41419-026-08582-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Analysis of circRNAs-related functions in COPD. B , C RT-qPCR analysis of circPDE4D and linearPDE4D expression in cells with silence and overexpression of circPDE4D. D , E Apoptosis in HBECs, BEAS-2B, and HPAEpiCs after circPDE4D overexpression was detected by flow cytometry assay and statistical quantification. F – H Western blotting with quantitative analysis of SQSTM1/p62, BCL2, BAX, and LC3 proteins in circPDE4D-overexpressing cells. I – K An abundance of LC3 dots, as reflected by red and yellow dots (merged from red and green fluorescence) in each treatment group. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst. 5 µm scale bar. L , M Immunofluorescence experiments of G3BP1 dots (red) and LC3 dots (green) in several groups. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. 5 µm scale bar. N The concentrations of IL-6 (in HBECs) and IL-1β (in BEAS-2B) were detected by ELISA assays in the indicated treatments. Data are shown as means ± SD.

Article Snippet: The Mouse ELISA Kits were used to evaluate the IL-1β (Multi Sciences, EK201B) and IL-6 (Multi Sciences, P08505 ) levels of the BALF from mice according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Over Expression, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, Fluorescence, Staining, Immunofluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: K48 and K63 linkage-competed ubiquitination of BECN1 promotes circPDE4D-mediated autophagy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

doi: 10.1038/s41419-026-08582-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Images showed the AAV (green) infection efficiency in mouse lungs. B , C IL-6 and IL-1β levels in AAV-Vector+CS and AAV-circPDE4D+CS groups were detected by ELISA assay ( n = 6 mice per group). D Representative immunofluorescence images of LC3 (yellow), SQSTM1/p62 (cy5), and G3BP1 (red) in lung tissues from both experimental groups of mice. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. E Representative H&E and Masson’s staining of lung tissues from control and treated groups. F – I Lung function indices of FEV 20 /FVC, FEV 50 /FVC, FRC, VC, MMEF, PIF, Ti, and Te in the two groups. Data are shown as means ± SD.

Article Snippet: The Mouse ELISA Kits were used to evaluate the IL-1β (Multi Sciences, EK201B) and IL-6 (Multi Sciences, P08505 ) levels of the BALF from mice according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Infection, Plasmid Preparation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Control